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appearances: It was clear that the Japanese were preparing to invade Pearl Harbor and
               that they were in possession of vital military information.”

               This information was made available to the Roosevelt administration by Congressman
               Dies personally. But this was the second time that Dies had appealed to Roosevelt about
               Japan’s intention to attack Pearl Harbor: “Early in 1941 the Dies Committee came into
               possession of a strategic map which gave clear proof of the intentions of the Japanese to
               make an assault on Pearl Harbor. The strategic map was prepared by the Japanese
               Imperial Military Intelligence Department.”

               Dies telephoned Secretary of State Cordell Hull who talked to President Roosevelt.

               Congressman Dies was told not to release the document to the public, and the Roosevelt
               Administration did nothing.
               [Source: The Unseen Hand, Ralph A. Epperson]

               During  this  same  period  Roosevelt  refused  to  have  upgrades  to  Pearl  Harbor’s  radar
               installations performed, which were being done at other installations. Roosevelt also had
               Admiral  Richardson  replaced,  for  he  was  too  outspoken  about  Pearl  Harbor’s
               vulnerabilities.


               On December 7, 1941, Japan launched a “surprise attack.”

               The American forces were not prepared for the attack...

               As their air force attacked Pearl Harbor, [the Japanese] reported that the American
               planes were having difficulty in getting off the ground.


               This was because the American planes had been grouped in circles, with their propellers
               all facing inward as the result of an order by President Roosevelt. It was reported that
               Roosevelt had ordered the planes grouped in this fashion because he feared “acts of
               sabotage” against the planes and he was acting to protect them.

               Since airplanes do not have a “reverse gear” the grouping of the planes in this manner
               made it extremely difficult for them to rapidly get out of the circle and into the air. One
               critic of the circling of these airplanes, Harry Elmer Barnes, has written: “Bunching the
               planes in a circle, wing to wing, would [make them] helpless in the event of a surprise
               attack.”
               [Source: Ibid]

               2,341 servicemen were killed that day and 1,143 wounded. Additionally, 68 civilians were
               killed. 18 ships, including 8 battleships, were sunk or heavily damaged. More than 200
               Army Air Corps and Navy planes were destroyed. The following day Roosevelt addressed
               Congress and asked for a declaration of war. The newspapers took up the cry and persuaded
               the American citizens of the righteous indignation of their cause.
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